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4.Random Experiments & Events
Class 11 • Mathematics • NCERT
Random Experiments & Events
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This lesson introduces the fundamental ideas of probability through random experiments and events as prescribed by NCERT Class 11. Students learn basic terminology essential for solving probability problems.
Lesson Objectives
- Understand the meaning of random experiments.
- Define outcomes and sample space.
- Understand events and their types.
- Build a foundation for probability.
1. Random Experiment
A random experiment is an experiment which has more than one possible outcome and the exact outcome cannot be predicted in advance.
Example: Tossing a coin, rolling a die
2. Outcomes
Each possible result of a random experiment is called an outcome.
Example: Outcomes of a coin toss → Head, Tail
3. Sample Space
The set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment is called the sample space.
Sample space of tossing a die = {1,2,3,4,5,6}
4. Event
An event is a subset of the sample space.
Example: Getting an even number on a die = {2,4,6}
5. Types of Events (Intro)
• Simple event – one outcome
• Compound event – more than one outcome
• Impossible event – no outcome
• Sure event – all outcomes
• Compound event – more than one outcome
• Impossible event – no outcome
• Sure event – all outcomes
Practice Questions (NCERT)
- Define a random experiment.
- Give two examples of random experiments.
- What is an outcome?
- Define sample space.
- Write the sample space when a coin is tossed.
- What is an event?
- Is an event a subset of sample space?
- What is a sure event?
- What is an impossible event?
- Is this topic part of NCERT Class 11 syllabus?
✅ Show Answer Key
- An experiment with unpredictable outcome
- Coin toss, die roll
- Each possible result
- Set of all possible outcomes
- {H, T}
- Subset of sample space
- Yes
- An event that always occurs
- An event that never occurs
- Yes
© Aviate Learning – Probability (NCERT Class 11)